Coal is the most important nonrenewable energy source of fossil origin. Coal desulfurization by solvent leaching methods ali ahmed, naseer ahmad, rizwan shah, m. Isenberg, don lee, microbial desulfurization of petroleum. The following experiment was conducted to demonstrate the beneficial effect of washing certain coals prior to carrying out the microbial desulfurization process.
Coal desulfurization and demineralization by chemicalphysical treatments a dissertation submitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy major. Abstract the sulfur found in coal is generally divided into three forms. Jiang at the coal tech 2000 international conference november 14, 2000 jakarta, indonesia br1709 paul s. Hydrodesulfurization hds is a catalytic chemical process by which sulfur s is removed from natural gas and from refined petroleum products like petrol, jet fuel, kerosene, diesel fuel and fuel oils in the form of hydrogen sulfide or sulfur dioxide. Jiang at the coaltech 2000 international conference november 14, 2000 jakarta, indonesia br1709 paul s. Microbial desulfurization of fuel oil springerlink. This book was written to provide a comprehensive survey of the current state of theart information in coal preparation, with particular emphasis on coal desulfrization. In a screening of about 3100 cultivation experiments, micro398 14 microbial degradation and modification of coal.
The chemical structure of coal macerals is usually characterized by the. Microbial desulfurization of polish flame coal, characterized by high total concentration of sulfur and a high concentration of pyrite sulfur, was studied. Coal desulfurization and demineralization by chemicalphysical. Dec 14, 2014 about 2 g of coal coal samples are selected to represent two categories. Being soluble in water, they are relatively easy to be leached from the coal.
Microbial desulfurization of coal and oil sciencedirect. Coal desulfurization by bacterial treatment and column flotation. The long column flotation reduced the pyritic sulfur content from 11% feed coal to 1. While physical treatment is effective for coal with high inorganic sulfur contents, microbial treatment can eliminate most of the inorganic and some organic sulfur eliot et al. Clean coal technologies are an especially important option for reducing hazardous fossil fuel emissions and, in developing countries where coal is readily available, are often a costeff e c t i v e option. The microbial desulfurization of coal springerlink. Ppt desulfurization of coal powerpoint presentation free. Friedman, oxidative desulfurization of coal, presented at 173rd acs national meeting march 1977. Originating from irtsitu oxidation of metal sulfides. Effect of microbial nutrients supply on coal bio desulfurization.
The limestone is mixed with the coal prior to injection into the reactor, directly in the combustion chamber, by a screw feeder system and auxiliary air. The primary audience for this book will be practising coal preparation engineers who need complete information about all of the coal preparation and desulphurization. Zeeb road, ann arbor, ml 48106 18 bedford row, london wcir 4ej, england. On the contrary, after 12 days of processing, the coals pyrite bioleaching rate was 72.
Exploring the temperature of microwave irradiation and raw coal moisture on the influence of coal desulfurization, the research results showed that the coal desulfurization rate could reach 25. This book was written to provide a comprehensive survey of the current state of the art in coal preparation, with particular emphasis on coal desulfurization. Aug 31, 2016 this study investigated the prevention of stack corrosion under wet flue gas desulfurization conditions in a coal fired power plant. They have different amounts of mgo and cao, but approximated the same weight. Advanced emissions control technologies for coalfired.
Coal from candiota mine, located in the southern region of brazil, is a subbituminous and high ash coal with 50% of inorganic material, but highly reactive, and low sulfur content. However, during coal incineration in power plants, high sulfur content of coal poses serious environmental problems owing to sulfur dioxide emission. Technologies for reducing emissions in coalfired power plants. I desulfurization of coal yasuo ohtsuka encyclopedia of life support systems eolss temperature desulfurization process is well proven, the reduction of sorbent consumption is required to minimize the costs for sorbent and residue management. Bacterial desulphurization of coal from mine csa most j. Pollutants from the combustion of coal raw coal contains carbon c, nitrogen n, sulfur s, ash, trace amounts of mercury hg and other elements. During the process, the ph started to increase gradually then decrease slowly. The bioleaching characteristics of coals pyrite by a. Desulfurisation of coal and oil linkedin slideshare. Welcome the mission of the acs energy and fuels division. I desulfurization of coal yasuo ohtsuka encyclopedia of life support systems eolss temperature desulfurization process is well proven, the reduction of sorbent consumption is required. S is mainly present in the sulphide form 6070%, but also sulphate s 30% and organic s 10% are detected.
Solubilized coal was desulfurized more efficiently than hard coal and more sulfur was extracted from. L medium m 8 was made by combining 20 ml solution a with 980 ml of solution b. Water quality at an u abandoned ohio coal mine reclaimed. Coal coal can contain up to 10% sulfur by weight, although values of 1 4% are more typical depending on the region where the coal was extracted. Microbial desulfurization of low rank coal by rhodococcus rhodochrous igts8 was investigated using three different pretreated coal samples. The addition of carbon in a culture with a constant ph greatly improved the growth of rhodococcus. Desulphurization of coal to protect the environment. The major coal desulphurization technologies prior to combustion are physical coal cleaning, chemical and biological methods. Hydrodesulfurization hydrodesulfurization hds or hydrotreating is a catalytic chemical process widely used to remove sulfur compounds from refined petroleum products such as gasoline or petrol, jet fuel, diesel fuel, and fuel oils. Cells and cell debris from microbes rested using a sulfur. Coal desulfurization and demineralization by chemical. Coal, oil shale, natural bitumen, heavy oil and peat vol.
Proven and developing technologies introduction the topic of coalfired generation is appearing more frequently in the media and particularly within energy publications. Oct 27, 20 today, china is the largest emitter of so 2, and about 25. The sulfur found in coal is generally divided into three forms. In the following part of the paper the authors report studies of the effects of certain parameters on the. Kilbane an integral part of coals molecular matrix and is not readily accessible pollution from coal. Naeem bhatti, mahmood saleem1 abstract coal desulfurization prior to usage is a preprocessing in order to achieve clean fuel and reduce environmental impacts such as acid rain. Sulfur in the form of pyrite fes2 is transformed into the gas phase as sox after combustion process. It is also the most common fuel in thermal power plants. Removal ofsulfur compounds from coal by the thermophilic.
The ion chromatography analysis showed the acid condensation contained fluoride, chloride, nitrate, sulphate, and sulphite. Flue gas desulfurization gypsum american coal ash association. Microbial desulfurization of coal with thiobacillus. Sulfurous emissions from the combustion of coal are cited as the leading contributor to acid rain. Comparison analysis of coal biodesulfurization and coals. Flue gas desulfurization flue gas desulfurization is commonly known as fgd and is the technology used for removing sulfur dioxide so2 from the exhaust flue gases in power plants that burn coal or oil to produce steam for the steam turbines that drive their electricity generators. Coal carry mass of highsulfur coal, in order to solve the desulfurization problems, the use of microwave irradiation to coal desulfurization was studied. Sulfurous gases primarily sulfur dioxide produced by the combustion of foss. Thus, the fluidized bed combustor fbc technology using limestone as a desulfurization agent is. Flue gas desulfurization technologies for coalfired power. Experimental conditions and coal analyses are shown in table 1. The cells number in the bioprocess system increased with time and reached a value of 3.
Ppt desulfurization of coal powerpoint presentation. Microbial methods of coal desulfurization have significant advantages over chemical and physical methods. Flue gas desulfurization technologies for coalfired power plants. Evaluation of limestone impurities in the desulfurization process of coal combustion gas 265 brazilian journal of chemical engineering vol.
Today, china is the largest emitter of so 2, and about 25. Apr 11, 20 uhl w, hone hj, beyer m, klein j 1989 continuous microbial desulfurization of coalapplication of a multistage slurry reactor and analysis of the interactions of microbial and chemical kinetics. Currently, several clean coal technologies are in different stages of development and commercialization. Desulfurization of coal by oxidation in alkaline solution iowa state university ph.
Sulphate s, environmental impacts at coal waste disposal sites efficiency of desulfurization technologies 111 komnitsas. The long column flotation not only attained an excellent separation but also reduced the amount of cells for desulfurization to as little as one. Each has some technical and economical limitations. Merging periodic mesoporous organosilica pmo with mesoporous aluminosilica alsipmo.
Thus, the fluidized bed combustor fbc technology using limestone as a desulfurization agent is very appropriate to the use of this kind of coal. Microbial methods for desulfurization of coal sciencedirect. Before combustion, coal desulfurization can be achieved by physical, microbial, thermal, and chemical methods. Cells and cell debris from microbes rested using a sulfurspecific. Geological survey this fact sheet summarizes part of a multidisciplinary investigation of an industrial waste material known as fluegas desulfurization byproduct. Kilbane pollution from coal combustion is the largest problem in the current use of coal and the biggest constraint on the increased use of coal. Desulfurization of coal by oxidation in alkaline solution. Wheelock, advanced development of fine coal desulfurization and recovery technology, quarterly technical progress report february 1977. The second most common use of ccps is flue gas desulfurization fgd gypsum in wallboard.
The chemical structure of coal macerals is usually characterized by the presence of inorganic and organic sulfur. Flue gas desulfurization technologies for coalfired power plants presented by michael x. Solubilized coal was desulfurized more efficiently than hard coal and more sulfur was extracted from biologically solubilized coal than from chemically solubilized. Pdf microbial desulfurization of solubilized coal hyun. Abandoned ohio coal mine reclaimed with dry fluegas desulfurization byproducts u g by ralph j. The microbial removal of inorganic sulfur from a pulverized coal blend has been studied by. Sulfur dioxide is responsible for acid rain formation. Factors such as ph, choice of carbon source, optimal concentrations of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur sources were determined. Physical coal cleaning can only remove limited amount of inorganic sulphur due to insufficient liberation. Originating from irtsitu oxidation of metal sulfides, sulfates axe present in coal at low concentrations.
Culture conditions of desulfurization microbes were investigated with a bioreactor controlled by computer. Microbial desulfurization of solubilized coal article pdf available in biotechnology letters 245. Fuel processing technology elsevier fuel processing technology 40 1994 297 310 microbial desulfurization of coal and oil j. The performance analysis and comparative studies of six materials for the prevention of stack corrosion were investigated.
Jun 03, 1980 the following experiment was conducted to demonstrate the beneficial effect of washing certain coals prior to carrying out the microbial desulfurization process. Flue gas desulfurization technologies for coal fired power plants presented by michael x. Microbial coal desulfurization makes use of the abilities of certain bacteria to metabolize. In the following part of the paper the authors report studies of the effects of certain parameters on the course of microbial desulfurization of coal. Coal has the most abundant reserves and is always the most important energy on earth, which accounts for more than 24% in energy production in the world. Sem micrographs showed that the major pyrite forms in coal were massive and veinlets. This material is produced by emissions control systems scrubbers that remove sulfur and oxides from power plant flue gas streams. Research of coal desulfurization on microwave scientific. Although this process proved to be fastest at 35, desulfurization of coal was conducted at a slightly lower temperature 30, since at 40 the growth of bacteria completely stopped.
A process for the removal of pyrite from coal wherein an aqueous slurry containing finelydivided coal particles is subjected to the action of iron and sulfur oxidizing microorganisms selected from the thiobacillus ferrooxidans group in a concentration range of between about 3. Evidence from the market abstract the paper develops a forwardlooking way to estimate the economic benefits of research and development on coal desulfurization. Coal desulfurization and demineralization by chemicalphysical treatments. Pdf during process of combustion harmful gases emitting due to ash. Microbial desulfurization of coal union carbide corporation. A dutch feasibility study on microbial coal desulfurization, paper.
Organs 8, 109114 microbial methods for desulfurization of coal fikret kargi as a result of acid rain problems, desulfurization of coal has been given increasing attention in recent years. After 16 days of processing, the total sulfur removal rate of coal was 50. Desulfurization of coal by microbial column flotation. One of the cheaper method of removing sulfur from coal is biological process. During coal combustion heat is released to produce steam in boilers. Nevertheless, direct combustion coal leads to the emission of sulfur oxides, which can cause adverse effects on environment. Desulfurization article about desulfurization by the free. Biological removal of sulfur from coal through use of.
Thermal and chemical desulfurization of low sulfur coals. It consists in converting the sulfur dissolved in the metal to sulfides that are either insoluble or poorly soluble in the liquid metal bath for example, mns, mgs, cas, and na 2 s. Coal activated carbon for desulfurization treating the effluent air stream with activated carbon has been found to be one of the best ways to remove hydrogen sulfide. This is a change from the past decade when most of the energy industrys attention was on natural gas and the inexpensive, clean, and efficient combined. To promote and advance energyrelated research, development and education to address the worlds energy and chemical challenges. Most standard activated carbons have little capacity for h2s. Such a book has not been available since robert meyers wrote coal desulfurization in 1977, and considerable advances have been made in the more than 20 years since then. In charge of major work for the majoaf department for the graduate college.